Rectifier and connection therefor



M. SCHIESSER RECTIFIER AND CONNECTION THEREFOR Nov. 13, 1928. 1,691,447

Filed Oct. 21, 1927 )NVw roe MFA SCH/5552 I irrae/vfy Patented Nov. 13, 1928.

UNITED STATES MAX SCHIESSER, OF BADEN, SWITZERLAND.

RECTIFIER AND CONNECTION THEREFOR.

Application filed October 21, 1927, Serial No. 227,653 and in Germany October 16, 1926.

This invention relates to improvements in rectifiers and connections therefor.

In the case of metal vapour rectifiers having a comparatively large number of anodes, it has been proposed to arrange the latter in concentric circles in the top plate or cover of the rectifier casing for the purpose of keeping the size of the casing within reasonable, practicable limits. The number of anodes in the outer circle was greater than the number of anodes in the-inner circle in such proportion that the space or distance circumferentially between adjacent anodes in the outer circle was substantially the same and equal to such space or distance between adjacent anodes in the inner circle. In such arrangement, the inner anodes, that is, those in the inner circle, were inaccessible forthe purpose of repairs, inspection or other work, it being necessary in such events to remove one or more of the outer anodes to gain access to the opposite inner anode. It has notheen found practicable to increase the diamitfi" of the rectifier casing by such an amount as to correspondingly increase the spacing of ,tl grgrter anodes whereby access maybe hafii' tti the inner anodes without removing one or more of the latter, for the reason that such an alternative would completely offset the advantages'obtained by the concentric arrangement of the anodes. I

One of the objects of the present invention, therefore, is to provide an improved rectifier having the same advantages as regards size of the casing and the number of anodes, as thoseconstructed heretofore, and wherein the anodes are so arranged or disposedas to provide for accessibility to the inner anodes without making necessary removal or disturbing of any of the outer anodes, the improved arrangement also providing for proper spacing of the anodes with respect to each other for efficient operation.

Another object is to provide an improved these being two in number int the present embodiment shown, the number of anodes in the outer circle being the same as the number the angle formed by the radii passing through the respective two adj acent anodes in the inner circle.

For the purpose of illustrating the invention, one embodiment thereof is shown in the drawing, the latter comprising an outline plan view of a rectifier embodying the present improvements and a schematic layout of the present improved connections between the rectifier and its supply transformer.

Referring to the drawing, the anodes a a a a arearranged in concentric circles 0 and 0 on the top plate or cover 5 of the rectifier cylinder, the anodes a, to (1 being disposed in the inner circle 0 and equal in number to the anodes a to a, which are disposed in the outer circle being so disposed that the radius passing through the same bisects the angle formed by the radii passing through the respective two adjacent anodes in the inner circle. For example, the radius passing through anode a, in the outer circle bisects the angle formed by the radii passing through the anodes a and (1 in the inner circle. As a resultof the foregoing-construction or arrangement, it will be seen that the spaces between adjacent anodes in the outer circle are appreciably greater than the overall transverse dimension of each of the inner anodes, and that each of the inner anodes is disposed opposite the relatively wide space between the associated adjacent anodes'in the outer circle. whereby complete access may be had to each of the inner anodes without removing or in any way disturbing an of the outer anodes, the. present improve arrangement at the same time providing for sufiicient space between the various anodes for efiicient operation of the rectifier. V

The improved connectionsbetween the rectifier and the supply transformer therefor, whereby uniform distribution of the arc throughout the entire rectifier casing is ensured. will now be described. The supply transformer is shown as comprising the starconnected primary 10 and the secondary d'esignated generally, by the reference numeral 11. The secondary 11 is connected to provide the so-called double-fork or triple-Y connection to give six phases, but of course any other suitable connection might be adopted, de-

)ending on particular conditions and the number of phases desired. Adjacent anodes in the outer circle are connected to different phases of the transformer supply winding 11, while the particular anode adjacent to these anodes and which is in the inner circle is connected to a phase of winding 11 which is different from either of the phases to which the adjacent anodes in the outer circle are connected. For example, the adjacent anodes a and a in the outer circle are connectedto different phases, anode a being connected to the winding 2 of phase 2 and the anode a being connected to the winding 6" of phase 6. The inner anode (1 which is adjacent to the adj acent outer anodes a and a is connected to the winding 1 of phase 1, this being a phase different from either of the phases 2 and 6. Furthermore, the diametrically opposite anodes in each circle are connected to the same phase of the transformer secondary or winding 11. For example, the diametrically'opposite anodes a and a in the outer circle are connected to the respective windings 4 and 4 of phase 4, while the diametrically opposite anodes a and (1 in the inner circle are connected to the respective windings 3" and 3 of phase. 3, the diametrically opposite anodes a and a in the inner circle being connected to the respective windings 5 and 5 of phase 5, and so on;

Each anode is enclosed by the usual cylindrical cooling jacket d, as indicated.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that an improved rectifier has been provided which has a comparatively large number of anodes andwherein the latter are so disposed as to avoid any appreciable increase in the size of the rectifier casing while at the same time permitting of ready access to the inner anodes without removal or disturbing of any of the outer anodes, and that improved connections have been provided between the rectifier and its supply transformer whereby uniform distribution of the arc throughout the entire rectifier casing is ensured.

While but one embodiment of the invention has been shown and described, it will be um derstood that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

The invention claimed is:

l. Rectifier apparatus having anodes arranged in circles substantially concentricwith respect to each other, the anodes in one circle being disposed opposite the spaces between the respective adjacent anodes in the adjacent circle. i V

2. Rectifier apparatus having anodes arranged in substantially concentric inner and outer circles, the anodes in the outer circle being so disposed that radii passing through the same substantially bisect the angles formed by the radii passing through the respective adjacent anodes in the inner circle.

3. Rectifier apparatus having anodes arranged in circles substantially concentric with respect to each other and each containing the same number of anodes as the other, the anodes in each circle being equally spaced circinnferentially, each of the anodes in the outer circle being so disposed that the radius passing through the same substantially bisects the angle formed by the radii passing through the respective two adjacent anodes in the inner circle.

4. In a rectifying system, rectifier apparatus having anodes arranged in circles substantially concentric with respect to each other, the anodes in one circle being disposed opposite the spaces between the respective adjacent anodes in the adjacent circle, and a polyphase' supply transformer winding for said rectifier, adjacent anodes in one of said circles being connected to different phases of said winding, the respective anodes adjacent said last-,mentioned anodes and which are in another of said circles being connected to phases of said winding different from each of said last-mentioned phases.

5. In a rectifying system, rectifier apparatus having anodes arranged in circles substantially concentric with respect to each other, the anodes in one circle being disposed opposite the spaces between the respective adjacent anodes in the adjacent circle, and a polyphase supply transformer winding for said rectifier, adjacent anodes in one of said circles being connected to different phases of said winding, the respective anodes adjacent said last-mentioned anodes and which are in another of said circles being connected to phases of said winding different from each of said last-mentioned phases, diametrically opposite anodes in each of said circles being connected to the same phase of said winding.

6. In a rectifying system, rectifier apparatus having anodes arranged in circles substantially concentric with respect to each other and each containing the same number of anodes as the other, the anodes in each circle being equally spaced circumferentially,

each of the anodes in the outer circle being so disposed that the iladius passing through the'same substantially bisects the angle formed by the radii passing through the 5 respective two adjacent anodes in the inner circle, and a polyphase supply transformer Winding for said rectifier, adjacent anodes in said outer circle being connected to different phases of said winding, the respective anodes 0 adjacent said last-mentioned anodes and which are in said inner circle being connected to phases of said Winding different from each of said last-mentioned phases, diametrically opposite anodes in each of said circles being connected to the same phase of said Winding.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 7 day of October, A, D. 1927.

MAX SCHIESSER. 

